Logic: Python Type Annotations

Type Annotations in Python are optional metadata that specify the expected data type of variables, function parameters, and return values. While not enforced at runtime by Python itself, they are essential for code clarity and automated linting.

In the example VERSION: Final[str] = '1.0.12', the variable name is VERSION. The type annotation segment is : Final[str]. This informs the developer (and the IDE) that this variable is intended to be a constant string and should not be modified.

Implementation: Object-Oriented Programming

The following labs demonstrate class construction, initialization (__init__), and the implementation of dunder methods like __str__ and __add__.

Lab: The Microwave Class

class Microwave:
    def __init__(self, brand: str, power_rating: str) -> None:
            self.brand = brand
            self.power_rating = power_rating
            self.turned_on: bool = False

    def turn_on(self) -> None:
        if self.turned_on:
             print(f'Microwave ({self.brand}) is already turned on')
        else:
             self.turned_on = True
             print(f'Microwave ({self.brand}) is now turned on') 

    def run(self, seconds: int) -> None:
        if self.turned_on:
            print(f'Running ({self.brand}) for {seconds} seconds')
        else:
            print(f"must power on first")

    def __str__(self):
        return f'{self.brand} (Rating: {self.power_rating})'

class Car:
    def __init__(self, brand: str, horsepower: int) -> None:
        self.brand = brand
        self.horsepower = horsepower

    def __str__(self) -> str:
        return f'{self.brand}, {self.horsepower}hp'
   
    def __add__(self, other) -> str:
        return f'{self.brand} & {other.brand}'
    
volvo: Car = Car('Volvo', 200)
bmw: Car = Car('BMW', 240)
print(volvo) # Output: Volvo, 200hp
print(volvo + bmw) # Output: Volvo & BMW

Execution Ledger: Verified Python Operations

This ledger recaps the specific Python 3.x logic and OOP structures verified during these lab sessions.